{"id":44624,"date":"2024-06-11T13:51:49","date_gmt":"2024-06-11T13:51:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fabricegrinda.com\/?p=44624"},"modified":"2024-06-11T14:03:41","modified_gmt":"2024-06-11T14:03:41","slug":"lac-quan-ve-khi-hau","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/grinda.org\/vi\/lac-quan-ve-khi-hau\/","title":{"rendered":"L\u1ea1c quan v\u1ec1 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Trong ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn l\u1ecbch s\u1eed lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi, th\u00e2n ph\u1eadn con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh \u0111\u1ec3 sinh t\u1ed3n. Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n trong h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n n\u0103m. G\u1ea7n hai tr\u0103m n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n. H\u1ecd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c h\u01a1n 60 gi\u1edd m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ebfm s\u1ed1ng, b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n trong n\u0103m v\u00e0 c\u00f3 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd trung b\u00ecnh l\u00e0 29.<\/p>\n\n

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Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 250 n\u0103m qua l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. Cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 v\u1ec1 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c \u1edf ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y, ch\u00fang ta hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb vua ng\u00e0y x\u01b0a ph\u1ea3i ghen t\u1ecb.<\/p>\n

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Ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng trong khi d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 t\u1eeb 1 t\u1ef7 200 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00ean 8 t\u1ef7 ng\u00e0y nay.<\/p>\n

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S\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y b\u1edfi m\u1ee9c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u0103ng m\u1ea1nh, do \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p b\u1edfi hydrocarbon, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 than, d\u1ea7u v\u00e0 kh\u00ed t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i kh\u00ed nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh t\u00edch l\u0169y t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn quy m\u00f4 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c ch\u00fang \u0111ang l\u00e0m h\u00e0nh tinh n\u00f3ng l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu.<\/p>\n

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L\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00edch t\u1ee5 trong c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c cho n\u1ed5 5 qu\u1ea3 bom nguy\u00ean t\u1eed c\u1ee1 Hiroshima m\u1ed7i gi\u00e2y, m\u1ed7i gi\u00e2y trong su\u1ed1t 25 n\u0103m qua. N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngo\u00e0i h\u00e0nh tinh xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ea3 5 qu\u1ea3 bom h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n m\u1ed7i gi\u00e2y xu\u1ed1ng Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd b\u1ecf m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi n\u00f3. Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u00ec qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn l\u00e0 v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh n\u00ean ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ef1 m\u00e3n.<\/p>\n\n

K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 h\u01a1n 1 tri\u1ec7u lo\u00e0i c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 b\u1ecb tuy\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng do bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu.<\/p>\n

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N\u1ebfu kh\u00ed nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u01a1m v\u00e0o kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft l\u01b0u v\u1ef1c B\u1eafc C\u1ef1c s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n b\u0103ng v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m 2040.<\/p>\n

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20 n\u0103m \u1ea5m nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 trong 22 n\u0103m qua.<\/p>\n

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M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 khi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng v\u00ec tin r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u00f4 v\u1ecdng. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c tin r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft n\u00f3 l\u00e0 quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng kh\u1ed1n kh\u1ed5 v\u00e0 tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. C\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng kh\u1ea3 thi. C\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a h\u01b0 v\u00f4 thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay, trong khi c\u00e1i th\u1ee9 hai kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn. Kh\u00f4ng ai mu\u1ed1n quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng th\u1ea5p k\u00e9m trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9. Ch\u01b0a k\u1ec3 r\u1eb1ng n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, h\u00e0nh tinh n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 nu\u00f4i s\u1ed1ng h\u01a1n 1 t\u1ef7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, ch\u1ee9 ch\u01b0a n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn 8 t\u1ef7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nay.<\/p>\n\n

Nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i c\u00f3 tin t\u1ed1t. Ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. Nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i \u0111ang v\u01b0\u01a1n l\u00ean th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c. Trong khi t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i t\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i th\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u00fang n\u1eefa. K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1990, n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng h\u01a1n g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i GDP th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf (kh\u00f4ng bao g\u1ed3m t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a l\u1ea1m ph\u00e1t) trong khi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i. <\/p>\n

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C\u0169ng c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i do ch\u00fang t\u00f4i gia c\u00f4ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i cho Trung Qu\u1ed1c. C\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i carbon, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p tr\u00ean, cho th\u1ea5y l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i t\u1eeb qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i th\u00ec l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 theo d\u00f5i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu\u00ea ngo\u00e0i. D\u1ef1 \u00e1n Carbon To\u00e0n c\u1ea7u duy tr\u00ec c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ee9c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 – l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i carbon c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia ti\u00eau th\u1ee5.<\/p>\n\n

Kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea3i ra n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i. Theo th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ee9c ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng, n\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 mua m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc TV, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i carbon t\u1ea1o ra chi\u1ebfc TV \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 v\u1ec1 Hoa K\u1ef3, b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 TV \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t TV \u1edf M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn Trung Qu\u1ed1c nh\u01b0ng TV v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng M\u1ef9 th\u00ec l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n\n

Nh\u01b0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i t\u1eeb ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a Hoa K\u1ef3 kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong 40 n\u0103m qua, trong khi ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i gia t\u0103ng \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng. L\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i do gia c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 thu\u00ea ngo\u00e0i l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

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H\u00e3y \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00f4i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch t\u1ea1i sao l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i \u1edf ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong su\u1ed1t 30 n\u0103m qua m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 GDP th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i. C\u00e1c kh\u00ed nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh ch\u00ednh g\u00e2y ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00f3ng l\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u l\u00e0 CO2 v\u00e0 Metan. 25% l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. 25% \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. 21% \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 14% t\u1eeb giao th\u00f4ng v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n

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S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

Cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay, ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1ebb nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

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Gi\u00e1 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 chia cho 10 m\u1ed7i th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 trong 40 n\u0103m qua, gi\u00e1 gi\u1ea3m t\u1edbi 10.000 v\u00e0 \u0111ang ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c gi\u1ea3m. Ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o l\u1ea1c quan nh\u1ea5t trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 th\u1ea5p quy m\u00f4 gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1.<\/p>\n

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K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 th\u1ea5p s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi. N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi chi\u1ebfm 4,7% s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2022, t\u0103ng t\u1eeb m\u1ee9c g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2010, v\u01b0\u1ee3t xa ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o l\u1ea1c quan nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

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Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 sung \u1edf M\u1ef9 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2023 \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn l\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

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M\u1ed9t c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 \u0111ang x\u1ea3y ra tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. B\u1edfi v\u00ec n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 gi\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n nay r\u1ea5t r\u1ebb n\u00ean c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty ti\u1ec7n \u00edch \u0111ang b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u00fang v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn. T\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2022, n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 gi\u00f3 chi\u1ebfm g\u1ea7n 1\/8 s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 n\u0103m 2023 s\u1ebd cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c t\u0103ng l\u1edbn kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

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\u1ede nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 v\u00e0 Ch\u00e2u Phi, l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111ang t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi si\u00eau nh\u1ecf c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang m\u00ecnh. T\u00f4i th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n quan s\u00e1t n\u00f3 \u1edf quy m\u00f4 nh\u1ecf c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. T\u00f4i s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0a ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u1edf Turks & Caicos ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 pin v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian ho\u00e0n v\u1ed1n d\u01b0\u1edbi 3 n\u0103m!<\/p>\n\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, khi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c kh\u1eed cacbon trong l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n, vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p v\u00ec n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p l\u01b0u tr\u1eef hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o ban \u0111\u00eam ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e2y.<\/p>\n\n

T\u00f4i c\u0169ng c\u00f3 tin t\u1ed1t \u0111\u00e2y. Gi\u00e1 pin chia cho 42 k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1991.<\/p>\n

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Gi\u00e1 v\u1eabn \u0111ang gi\u1ea3m nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c gi\u1ea3m 50% trong kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2023 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2024.<\/p>\n

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Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n g\u1ea5p 10 l\u1ea7n k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1920 v\u00e0 g\u1ea5p 5 l\u1ea7n k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1980.<\/p>\n

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K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t b\u1ed9 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p ba l\u1ea7n t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2022 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2023, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh t\u0103ng l\u00ean \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

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Dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef pin c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bs\u1ebd t\u0103ng g\u1ea7n g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2024<\/p>\n

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N\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang ta cung c\u1ea5p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch California t\u1ef1 cung c\u1ea5p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2021 so v\u1edbi th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 2024.<\/p>\n

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Do hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00e0 quy m\u00f4, ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang ti\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m pin n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 pin s\u1ebd r\u1ebb h\u01a1n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1c. Do con ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00fang khi l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady v\u00ec l\u1ee3i \u00edch kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, t\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t m\u1edbi s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 carbon. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y nh\u1eb1m n\u00f3i l\u00ean r\u1eb1ng t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ra m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi trong v\u00f2ng 30 n\u0103m t\u1edbi n\u01a1i m\u00e0 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 carbon.<\/p>\n\n

IEA \u2013 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng l\u00e0 th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng \u2013 hi\u1ec7n d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi s\u1ebd cung c\u1ea5p t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u l\u1edbn h\u01a1n than ho\u1eb7c kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed1t t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean ch\u1ec9 trong 4 n\u0103m.<\/p>\n

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T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, pin s\u1ebd gi\u00fap chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3 th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 trong t\u1ed5ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, b\u1ea1n \u0111ang ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bm\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra. N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi hay m\u1ed9t l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft n\u1eefa; \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n

T\u01b0\u01a1ng lai n\u00e0y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn nhanh h\u01a1n n\u1ebfu ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u1ea3 thi v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u1ea3 thi.<\/p>\n

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T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 t\u00f4i tin r\u1eb1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 pin s\u1ebd l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng do chi ph\u00ed ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng gi\u1ea3m, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p thay th\u1ebf \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 Energy Vault<\/a> ho\u1eb7c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef quy m\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean hydro.<\/p>\n

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V\u1eadn t\u1ea3i<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

M\u1ed9t xu h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c giao th\u00f4ng v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i trong giao th\u00f4ng v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb \u00f4 t\u00f4 v\u00e0 xe t\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n

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Ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u0169ng \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. Doanh s\u1ed1 b\u00e1n \u00f4 t\u00f4 \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1edbi tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u chi\u1ebfm 14% t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 \u00f4 t\u00f4 b\u00e1n ra v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2022, t\u0103ng t\u1eeb m\u1ee9c 0% v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2010, m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa v\u01b0\u1ee3t xa ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o l\u1ea1c quan nh\u1ea5t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y m\u1ed9t th\u1eadp k\u1ef7.<\/p>\n

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\u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd l\u00e0 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1ea1y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n b\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 doanh s\u1ed1 b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng 50% trong 1 n\u0103m t\u1eeb 2021 \u0111\u1ebfn 2022.<\/p>\n

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Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00ed h\u00f3a C\u1ee9 3 \u00f4 t\u00f4 b\u00e1n \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c th\u00ec c\u00f3 1 \u00f4 t\u00f4 ch\u1ea1y b\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n trong khi c\u1ee9 4 \u00f4 t\u00f4 \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u th\u00ec c\u00f3 1 \u00f4 t\u00f4 ch\u1ea1y b\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

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\u00d4 t\u00f4 \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi \u00f4 t\u00f4 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng do ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ed9p s\u1ed1. V\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed pin v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng m\u1ea1ng gi\u1ea3m nhanh ch\u00f3ng, ch\u00fang ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean r\u1ebb h\u01a1n. Khi pin t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ea1c d\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c h\u01a1n gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft m\u1ed1i lo ng\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea1m vi ph\u1ee7 s\u00f3ng v\u00e0 s\u1eafp c\u00f3 pin s\u1ea1c nhanh, th\u1eadt d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1eb1ng h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda s\u1ed1 \u00f4 t\u00f4 m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1n ra s\u1ebd ch\u1ea1y b\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n trong v\u00f2ng m\u1ed9t th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 v\u00e0 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i xe s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00ed h\u00f3a trong v\u00f2ng 30 n\u0103m. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra nhanh h\u01a1n v\u00ec s\u1ef1 th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a \u00f4 t\u00f4 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed1t trong gi\u1ea3m s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1ea1m x\u0103ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u00e3i, m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3m c\u00e0ng th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y xu h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u00f4 t\u00f4 \u0111i\u1ec7n. Cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay, doanh s\u1ed1 b\u00e1n \u00f4 t\u00f4 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t xa nh\u1eefng d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n l\u1ea1c quan nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

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M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i l\u1edbn nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng \u0111ang c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00ed h\u00f3a ng\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u1edbi c\u1ea3 m\u00e1y bay tr\u1ef1c th\u0103ng v\u00e0 m\u00e1y bay \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u1eafn hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n

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Tr\u00ean h\u1ebft, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i xe \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec1u sai. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tin r\u1eb1ng tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 kim lo\u1ea1i d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng thu h\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i pin c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. Nh\u01b0 Hannah Ritchie<\/a> vi\u1ebft, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 kh\u00f3 x\u1ea3y ra. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a lithium.<\/p>\n

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Ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean lithium \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u0103ng theo th\u1eddi gian. N\u0103m 2008, t\u1ed5ng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1t 13 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n; b\u00e2y gi\u1edd con s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 88 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n. R\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3 s\u1ebd t\u0103ng cao h\u01a1n. D\u1ef1 tr\u1eef c\u0169ng s\u1ebd t\u0103ng; n\u0103m 2008 con s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 4 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n v\u00e0 b\u00e2y gi\u1edd l\u00e0 22 tri\u1ec7u. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u00e1c m\u1ecf lithium m\u1edbi v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng khai th\u00e1c lithium.<\/p>\n\n

M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi tr\u00e0n ng\u1eadp lithium. Vi\u1ec7c M\u1ef9 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn lithium c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u00fd do khi\u1ebfn gi\u00e1 lithium s\u1ee5t gi\u1ea3m trong v\u00e0i th\u00e1ng qua.<\/p>\n

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Hannah Ritchie c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 h\u01a1n cho th\u1ea5y m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c – \u0111\u1ed3ng, coban, than ch\u00ec, niken v\u00e0 neodymium – nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n tr\u00f4ng l\u1ea1c quan h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n

S\u1ef1 lo l\u1eafng v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea1m vi \u0111ang tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n quan tr\u1ecdng khi ph\u1ea1m vi \u0111ang t\u0103ng l\u00ean nhanh ch\u00f3ng. H\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i xe hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01a1n 200 d\u1eb7m m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n s\u1ea1c, v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u chi\u1ebfc \u0111ang \u0111i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01a1n 300 d\u1eb7m. H\u01a1n h\u1ebft, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1ea1m s\u1ea1c h\u01a1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00ean kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ea1n b\u1ecb m\u1eafc k\u1eb9t trong xe \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n

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Xe \u0111i\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7n ch\u1ec9 th\u1ea3i ra 50% l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i carbon so v\u1edbi xe ch\u1ea1y x\u0103ng, con s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 t\u0103ng l\u00ean trong su\u1ed1t th\u1eddi gian s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 khi l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n chuy\u1ec3n sang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi. Ngo\u00e0i ra, kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng xe \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n. V\u1ec1 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i, xe \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang s\u1ebd ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 carbon.<\/p>\n\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u0169ng lo l\u1eafng vi\u1ec7c khai th\u00e1c kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n cho xe \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1ebd b\u00f3c l\u1ed9t c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ngh\u00e8o. Nh\u01b0 Noah Smith<\/a> \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta cho r\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 x\u1ea3y ra theo hai c\u00e1ch:<\/p>\n\n

1. Th\u1ee3 m\u1ecf ngh\u00e8o s\u1ebd b\u1ecb b\u00f3c l\u1ed9t v\u00e0<\/p>\n\n

2. C\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng g\u1ea7n m\u1ecf s\u1ebd b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng do n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p t\u1eeb m\u1ecf.<\/p>\n\n

M\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 \u1edf C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 Congo \u0111\u1ec3 khai th\u00e1c coban, ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong \u00f4 t\u00f4 \u0111i\u1ec7n. V\u00e0 c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p t\u1eeb c\u00e1c m\u1ecf lithium v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n\n

Nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 \u00edt nh\u1ea5t hai v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u1edbn v\u1edbi l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn n\u00e0y. Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, khai th\u00e1c v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n l\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh t\u1ebf ch\u00ednh m\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc ngh\u00e8o th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n; \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 h\u1ecd nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n l\u00e0 m\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ed1ng. Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u00e0u t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i mua kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ngh\u00e8o v\u00ec l\u00fd do nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1o th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 s\u1ebd ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m ngh\u00e8o c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, v\u1edbi \u0111\u00f2n gi\u00e1ng m\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o v\u00e0 b\u1ecb g\u1ea1t ra ngo\u00e0i l\u1ec1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. Vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u00e0u t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i mua nh\u1eefng m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i – m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00f2n gi\u00e1ng m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n

Th\u1ee9 hai, ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean so s\u00e1nh vi\u1ec7c khai th\u00e1c v\u00e0 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m trong khai th\u00e1c kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n b\u1eb1ng xe \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 suy tho\u00e1i t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, n\u01a1i m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n t\u1ef1 cung t\u1ef1 c\u1ea5p m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n lithium ho\u1eb7c coban. \u0110\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang ta n\u00ean so s\u00e1nh n\u00f3 v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kinh t\u1ebf hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u00fang t\u00f4i thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec3 khai th\u00e1c than, kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed1t t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 d\u1ea7u mang t\u00ednh b\u00f3c l\u1ed9t v\u00e0 g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i cho m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean khai th\u00e1c kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n b\u1eb1ng xe \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n

Ngay c\u1ea3 khi xem x\u00e9t nhu c\u1ea7u kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng xanh s\u1ebd t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p b\u1ed1n l\u1ea7n, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng khai th\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch ch\u1ec9 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o xe \u0111i\u1ec7n. Ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng t\u1ef7 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n

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Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e0n n\u00e0n v\u1ec1 t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c khai th\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 lithium l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, nh\u01b0ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n xem x\u00e9t nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3. Ngay c\u1ea3 khi kh\u00f4ng xem x\u00e9t \u0111\u1ebfn bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu, t\u1ed5ng t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c khai th\u00e1c h\u00e0ng t\u1ef7 t\u1ea5n d\u1ea7u m\u1ed7i n\u0103m l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 n\u00ean t\u00ednh c\u1ea3 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu. N\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng, to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i sang xe \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 c\u1ee9u h\u00e0nh tinh kh\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i s\u1ebd g\u00e2y ra nhi\u1ec1u<\/em> t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i cho c\u1ea3 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u00e8o v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean h\u01a1n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c m\u1ecf lithium v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra.<\/p>\n\n

Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p thay th\u1ebf cho xe \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u1ea3o m\u1ed9ng ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i n\u01a1i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u1ed3ng nh\u1eefng khu v\u01b0\u1eddn nh\u1ecf b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 h\u00e1t nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i h\u00e1t c\u1ea3 ng\u00e0y; \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng \u0111\u00e0o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1t h\u00e0ng t\u1ef7 t\u1ea5n d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf m\u1ed7i n\u0103m.<\/p>\n\n

Ch\u00fang ta n\u00ean c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia khai th\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean. Nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng lo l\u1eafng v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh vi l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00f3 th\u00f4i th\u00fac ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea1m nh\u1eefng t\u1ed9i \u00e1c l\u1edbn h\u01a1n<\/em> \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n\n

Ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

Kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i t\u1eeb c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p t\u1eeb l\u00e2u d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 h\u00f2a tan v\u00ec vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra xi m\u0103ng v\u00e0 th\u00e9p, hai trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ef1c cao m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra b\u1eb1ng hydrocarbon. Tuy nhi\u00ean, s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u0169ng \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y d\u01b0\u1edbi hai h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty nh\u01b0 Heliogen<\/a> \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi t\u1eadp trung \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u1ee7 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty kh\u00e1c \u0111ang t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c thu gi\u1eef carbon t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

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M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n ch\u1ec9 ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty nh\u01b0 Source<\/a> s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea5m hydropanels \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m trong kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n, ngay c\u1ea3 trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng sa m\u1ea1c kh\u00f4 h\u1ea1n, th\u00e0nh n\u01b0\u1edbc u\u1ed1ng gi\u00fap c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1i t\u1ecb n\u1ea1n v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00f9ng s\u00e2u v\u00f9ng xa c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01b0\u1edbc u\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

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S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c l\u00e0 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1eadm nh\u1ea5t. C\u00e1c phong tr\u00e0o \u0103n chay v\u00e0 \u0103n chay quy m\u00f4 nh\u1ecf \u1edf ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y \u0111ang b\u1ecb thu h\u1eb9p l\u1ea1i do quy m\u00f4 ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 th\u1ecbt ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1edbi n\u1ed5i khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng gi\u00e0u c\u00f3 h\u01a1n. V\u00ec c\u1eebu v\u00e0 b\u00f2 th\u1ea3i ra kh\u00ed m\u00ea-tan, m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i kh\u00ed nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 m\u1ea1nh n\u00ean v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n

T\u00f4i h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a phong tr\u00e0o \u0103n chay. C\u00e1ch ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt l\u00e0 v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m. Ch\u00fang ta cho nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt s\u1ed1ng trong kh\u00f4ng gian ch\u1eadt ch\u1ed9i kh\u1ee7ng khi\u1ebfp \u0103n qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u. T\u00f4i tin r\u1eb1ng h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m n\u0103m sau m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd nh\u00ecn c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt ng\u00e0y nay v\u1edbi v\u1ebb kinh ho\u00e0ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta nh\u00ecn t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 dung t\u00fang ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f4 l\u1ec7.<\/p>\n\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 hi\u1ec7n nay d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Homo sapiens \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh lo\u00e0i \u0103n t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 r\u1ea5t th\u00edch protein \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 nu\u00f4i s\u1ed1ng 8 t\u1ef7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n nay tr\u00ean h\u00e0nh tinh. Nh\u1eefng th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 thi tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi s\u1ebd tr\u1edf n\u00ean r\u1ebb h\u01a1n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd k\u1ef9 c\u00e0ng cho th\u1ea5y ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t cho s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. C\u00e1c protein thay th\u1ebf nh\u01b0 th\u1ecbt c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng c\u00f3 v\u1ebb kh\u1ea3 thi trong th\u1ee9c \u0103n ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee3p kh\u1ea9u v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n

T\u00f4i nghi ng\u1edd r\u1eb1ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p l\u00e2u d\u00e0i s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb th\u1ecbt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nu\u00f4i trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty nh\u01b0 Upside Foods<\/a> . Th\u1ecbt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nu\u00f4i trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ea7n 1\/100 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/sup> n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra protein \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt n\u00e0o b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u1ecbt. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111ang \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 \u0111ang l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng m\u00f3n th\u1ecbt vi\u00ean ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ea5p \u0111\u1eaft ti\u1ec1n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u1edbi quy m\u00f4 v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n trong khi chi ph\u00ed gi\u1ea3m. T\u00f4i hy v\u1ecdng r\u1eb1ng trong 20 n\u0103m n\u1eefa ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i th\u1ecbt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nu\u00f4i trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb h\u01a1n th\u1ecbt l\u00e0m t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt.<\/p>\n

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Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, v\u00ec con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn khi \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 v\u00ec l\u1ee3i \u00edch kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, n\u00ean qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra khi th\u1ecbt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nu\u00f4i trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m v\u1eeba ngon v\u1eeba r\u1ebb h\u01a1n. L\u00fac n\u00e0y m\u1ee9c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 s\u1ebd nhanh ch\u00f3ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n\n

Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty nh\u01b0 Symbrosia<\/a> s\u1ebd gi\u00fap ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i. H\u1ecd cung c\u1ea5p ch\u1ea5t b\u1ed5 sung l\u00e0m t\u1eeb rong bi\u1ec3n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i, gi\u1ea3m t\u1edbi 80% l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i m\u00eatan.<\/p>\n\n

Kh\u1eed cacbonat<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3. Ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i v\u1eabn \u0111ang gia t\u0103ng \u1edf c\u00e1c th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edbi n\u1ed5i. Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 nhi\u1ec7t t\u00edch l\u0169y trong c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea7u kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ebd t\u0103ng l\u00ean v\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 th\u00edch nghi.<\/p>\n

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Ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u0169ng \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn n\u00e0y. T\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng GDP khi t\u00e1ch kh\u1ecfi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n

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Do \u0111\u00f3, Bloomberg New Energy Finance hi\u1ec7n cho r\u1eb1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 nhanh ch\u00f3ng k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2y tr\u1edf \u0111i.<\/p>\n

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\u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee7 nhanh \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi kh\u1ecfi b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng. Nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0 li\u1ec1u thu\u1ed1c gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed9c cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 s\u1ef1 di\u1ec7t vong v\u00e0 u \u00e1m r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1 \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra xung quanh. Tr\u00ean h\u1ebft, ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh kh\u1eed cacbon \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty nh\u01b0 Carbon Engineering<\/a> v\u00e0 CarbonCapture<\/a> d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n

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S\u1ef1 phong ph\u00fa<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

C\u00e1i hay c\u1ee7a n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ch\u00fang c\u00f3 chi ph\u00ed c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00e1 cao nh\u01b0ng chi ph\u00ed bi\u00ean c\u1ee7a n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 0 USD. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ra m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u01a1i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean qu\u00e1 r\u1ebb \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Trong m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, nhi\u1ec1u r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n lo l\u1eafng v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng thi\u1ebfu n\u01b0\u1edbc. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ebft n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 l\u1ed1 b\u1ecbch. Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f3 70% l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt hi\u1ebfm h\u01a1n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, trong m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u00f3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00f4 t\u1eadn, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i trong n\u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1i v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt v\u00f4 t\u1eadn. T\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u1edf Turks & Caicos, t\u00f4i \u0111ang c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t AqSep<\/a> . Th\u1eddi gian ho\u00e0n v\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 1 n\u0103m! Khi k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng n\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i v\u1edbi b\u1ed9 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef pin, ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 s\u1ebd ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 trung t\u00ednh carbon.<\/p>\n\n

T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi lo l\u1eafng v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng thi\u1ebfu l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 nh\u1eefng lo ng\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Malthus lu\u00f4n sai. B\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3, v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt v\u00f4 t\u1eadn t\u1eeb qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng tr\u1ed3ng tr\u1ecdt trong c\u00e1c trang tr\u1ea1i th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng tr\u1ecdt tr\u00ean sa m\u1ea1c!<\/p>\n

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Ph\u1ea7n k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t th\u1eadt kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 21<\/sup> . Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111ang x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ng\u00e0y mai t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p h\u01a1n, m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Trong ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn l\u1ecbch s\u1eed lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi, th\u00e2n ph\u1eadn con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh \u0111\u1ec3 sinh t\u1ed3n. Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n trong … Continue reading “L\u1ea1c quan v\u1ec1 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu”<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":44717,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[238,228,250],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-44624","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-suy-nghi-ca-nhan","category-cac-bai-viet","category-lac-quan-hanh-phuc"],"acf":[],"contentUpdated":"L\u1ea1c quan v\u1ec1 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu. Categories - Suy ngh\u0129 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, C\u00e1c b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft, L\u1ea1c quan & H\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac. Date-Posted - 2024-06-11T13:51:49 . \n Trong ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn l\u1ecbch s\u1eed lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi, th\u00e2n ph\u1eadn con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh \u0111\u1ec3 sinh t\u1ed3n. Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n trong h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n n\u0103m. G\u1ea7n hai tr\u0103m n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n. H\u1ecd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c h\u01a1n 60 gi\u1edd m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ebfm s\u1ed1ng, b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n trong n\u0103m v\u00e0 c\u00f3 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd trung b\u00ecnh l\u00e0 29.\n Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 250 n\u0103m qua l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. Cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 v\u1ec1 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c \u1edf ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y, ch\u00fang ta hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb vua ng\u00e0y x\u01b0a ph\u1ea3i ghen t\u1ecb.\n Ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng trong khi d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 t\u1eeb 1 t\u1ef7 200 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00ean 8 t\u1ef7 ng\u00e0y nay.\n S\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y b\u1edfi m\u1ee9c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u0103ng m\u1ea1nh, do \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p b\u1edfi hydrocarbon, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 than, d\u1ea7u v\u00e0 kh\u00ed t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i kh\u00ed nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh t\u00edch l\u0169y t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn quy m\u00f4 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c ch\u00fang \u0111ang l\u00e0m h\u00e0nh tinh n\u00f3ng l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu.\n L\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00edch t\u1ee5 trong c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c cho n\u1ed5 5 qu\u1ea3 bom nguy\u00ean t\u1eed c\u1ee1 Hiroshima m\u1ed7i gi\u00e2y, m\u1ed7i gi\u00e2y trong su\u1ed1t 25 n\u0103m qua. N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngo\u00e0i h\u00e0nh tinh xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ea3 5 qu\u1ea3 bom h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n m\u1ed7i gi\u00e2y xu\u1ed1ng Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd b\u1ecf m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi n\u00f3. Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u00ec qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn l\u00e0 v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh n\u00ean ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ef1 m\u00e3n.\n K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 h\u01a1n 1 tri\u1ec7u lo\u00e0i c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 b\u1ecb tuy\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng do bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu.\n N\u1ebfu kh\u00ed nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u01a1m v\u00e0o kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft l\u01b0u v\u1ef1c B\u1eafc C\u1ef1c s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n b\u0103ng v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m 2040.\n 20 n\u0103m \u1ea5m nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 trong 22 n\u0103m qua.\n M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 khi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng v\u00ec tin r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u00f4 v\u1ecdng. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c tin r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft n\u00f3 l\u00e0 quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng kh\u1ed1n kh\u1ed5 v\u00e0 tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. C\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng kh\u1ea3 thi. C\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a h\u01b0 v\u00f4 thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay, trong khi c\u00e1i th\u1ee9 hai kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn. Kh\u00f4ng ai mu\u1ed1n quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng th\u1ea5p k\u00e9m trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9. Ch\u01b0a k\u1ec3 r\u1eb1ng n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, h\u00e0nh tinh n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 nu\u00f4i s\u1ed1ng h\u01a1n 1 t\u1ef7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, ch\u1ee9 ch\u01b0a n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn 8 t\u1ef7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nay.\n Nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i c\u00f3 tin t\u1ed1t. Ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. Nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i \u0111ang v\u01b0\u01a1n l\u00ean th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c. Trong khi t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i t\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i th\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u00fang n\u1eefa. K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1990, n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng h\u01a1n g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i GDP th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf (kh\u00f4ng bao g\u1ed3m t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a l\u1ea1m ph\u00e1t) trong khi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i. \n C\u0169ng c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i do ch\u00fang t\u00f4i gia c\u00f4ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i cho Trung Qu\u1ed1c. C\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i carbon, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p tr\u00ean, cho th\u1ea5y l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i t\u1eeb qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i th\u00ec l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 theo d\u00f5i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu\u00ea ngo\u00e0i. D\u1ef1 \u00e1n Carbon To\u00e0n c\u1ea7u duy tr\u00ec c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ee9c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 – l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i carbon c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia ti\u00eau th\u1ee5.\n Kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea3i ra n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i. Theo th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ee9c ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng, n\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 mua m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc TV, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i carbon t\u1ea1o ra chi\u1ebfc TV \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 v\u1ec1 Hoa K\u1ef3, b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 TV \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t TV \u1edf M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn Trung Qu\u1ed1c nh\u01b0ng TV v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng M\u1ef9 th\u00ec l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i.\n Nh\u01b0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i t\u1eeb ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a Hoa K\u1ef3 kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong 40 n\u0103m qua, trong khi ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i gia t\u0103ng \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng. L\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i do gia c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 thu\u00ea ngo\u00e0i l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3.\n H\u00e3y \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00f4i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch t\u1ea1i sao l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i \u1edf ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong su\u1ed1t 30 n\u0103m qua m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 GDP th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i. C\u00e1c kh\u00ed nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh ch\u00ednh g\u00e2y ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00f3ng l\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u l\u00e0 CO2 v\u00e0 Metan. 25% l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. 25% \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. 21% \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 14% t\u1eeb giao th\u00f4ng v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i.\n S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng\n Cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay, ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1ebb nh\u1ea5t.\n Gi\u00e1 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 chia cho 10 m\u1ed7i th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 trong 40 n\u0103m qua, gi\u00e1 gi\u1ea3m t\u1edbi 10.000 v\u00e0 \u0111ang ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c gi\u1ea3m. Ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o l\u1ea1c quan nh\u1ea5t trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 th\u1ea5p quy m\u00f4 gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1.\n K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 th\u1ea5p s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi. N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi chi\u1ebfm 4,7% s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2022, t\u0103ng t\u1eeb m\u1ee9c g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2010, v\u01b0\u1ee3t xa ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o l\u1ea1c quan nh\u1ea5t.\n Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 sung \u1edf M\u1ef9 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2023 \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn l\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi.\n M\u1ed9t c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 \u0111ang x\u1ea3y ra tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. B\u1edfi v\u00ec n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 gi\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n nay r\u1ea5t r\u1ebb n\u00ean c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty ti\u1ec7n \u00edch \u0111ang b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u00fang v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn. T\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2022, n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 gi\u00f3 chi\u1ebfm g\u1ea7n 1\/8 s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 n\u0103m 2023 s\u1ebd cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c t\u0103ng l\u1edbn kh\u00e1c.\n \u1ede nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 v\u00e0 Ch\u00e2u Phi, l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111ang t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi si\u00eau nh\u1ecf c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang m\u00ecnh. T\u00f4i th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n quan s\u00e1t n\u00f3 \u1edf quy m\u00f4 nh\u1ecf c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. T\u00f4i s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0a ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u1edf Turks & Caicos ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 pin v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian ho\u00e0n v\u1ed1n d\u01b0\u1edbi 3 n\u0103m!\n Tuy nhi\u00ean, khi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c kh\u1eed cacbon trong l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n, vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p v\u00ec n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p l\u01b0u tr\u1eef hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o ban \u0111\u00eam ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e2y.\n T\u00f4i c\u0169ng c\u00f3 tin t\u1ed1t \u0111\u00e2y. Gi\u00e1 pin chia cho 42 k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1991.\n Gi\u00e1 v\u1eabn \u0111ang gi\u1ea3m nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c gi\u1ea3m 50% trong kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2023 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2024.\n Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n g\u1ea5p 10 l\u1ea7n k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1920 v\u00e0 g\u1ea5p 5 l\u1ea7n k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1980.\n K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t b\u1ed9 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p ba l\u1ea7n t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2022 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2023, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh t\u0103ng l\u00ean \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3.\n Dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef pin c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bs\u1ebd t\u0103ng g\u1ea7n g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2024\n N\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang ta cung c\u1ea5p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch California t\u1ef1 cung c\u1ea5p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2021 so v\u1edbi th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 2024.\n Do hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00e0 quy m\u00f4, ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang ti\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m pin n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 pin s\u1ebd r\u1ebb h\u01a1n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1c. Do con ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00fang khi l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady v\u00ec l\u1ee3i \u00edch kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, t\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t m\u1edbi s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 carbon. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y nh\u1eb1m n\u00f3i l\u00ean r\u1eb1ng t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ra m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi trong v\u00f2ng 30 n\u0103m t\u1edbi n\u01a1i m\u00e0 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 carbon.\n IEA \u2013 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng l\u00e0 th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng \u2013 hi\u1ec7n d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi s\u1ebd cung c\u1ea5p t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u l\u1edbn h\u01a1n than ho\u1eb7c kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed1t t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean ch\u1ec9 trong 4 n\u0103m.\n T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, pin s\u1ebd gi\u00fap chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3 th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 trong t\u1ed5ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, b\u1ea1n \u0111ang ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bm\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra. N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi hay m\u1ed9t l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft n\u1eefa; \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt.\n T\u01b0\u01a1ng lai n\u00e0y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn nhanh h\u01a1n n\u1ebfu ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u1ea3 thi v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u1ea3 thi.\n T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 t\u00f4i tin r\u1eb1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 pin s\u1ebd l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng do chi ph\u00ed ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng gi\u1ea3m, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p thay th\u1ebf \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 Energy Vault ho\u1eb7c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef quy m\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean hydro.\n V\u1eadn t\u1ea3i\n M\u1ed9t xu h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c giao th\u00f4ng v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i trong giao th\u00f4ng v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb \u00f4 t\u00f4 v\u00e0 xe t\u1ea3i.\n Ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u0169ng \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. Doanh s\u1ed1 b\u00e1n \u00f4 t\u00f4 \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1edbi tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u chi\u1ebfm 14% t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 \u00f4 t\u00f4 b\u00e1n ra v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2022, t\u0103ng t\u1eeb m\u1ee9c 0% v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2010, m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa v\u01b0\u1ee3t xa ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o l\u1ea1c quan nh\u1ea5t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y m\u1ed9t th\u1eadp k\u1ef7.\n \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd l\u00e0 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1ea1y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n b\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 doanh s\u1ed1 b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng 50% trong 1 n\u0103m t\u1eeb 2021 \u0111\u1ebfn 2022.\n Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00ed h\u00f3a C\u1ee9 3 \u00f4 t\u00f4 b\u00e1n \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c th\u00ec c\u00f3 1 \u00f4 t\u00f4 ch\u1ea1y b\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n trong khi c\u1ee9 4 \u00f4 t\u00f4 \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u th\u00ec c\u00f3 1 \u00f4 t\u00f4 ch\u1ea1y b\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n.\n \u00d4 t\u00f4 \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi \u00f4 t\u00f4 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng do ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ed9p s\u1ed1. V\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed pin v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng m\u1ea1ng gi\u1ea3m nhanh ch\u00f3ng, ch\u00fang ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean r\u1ebb h\u01a1n. Khi pin t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ea1c d\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c h\u01a1n gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft m\u1ed1i lo ng\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea1m vi ph\u1ee7 s\u00f3ng v\u00e0 s\u1eafp c\u00f3 pin s\u1ea1c nhanh, th\u1eadt d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1eb1ng h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda s\u1ed1 \u00f4 t\u00f4 m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1n ra s\u1ebd ch\u1ea1y b\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n trong v\u00f2ng m\u1ed9t th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 v\u00e0 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i xe s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00ed h\u00f3a trong v\u00f2ng 30 n\u0103m. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra nhanh h\u01a1n v\u00ec s\u1ef1 th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a \u00f4 t\u00f4 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed1t trong gi\u1ea3m s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1ea1m x\u0103ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u00e3i, m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3m c\u00e0ng th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y xu h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u00f4 t\u00f4 \u0111i\u1ec7n. Cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay, doanh s\u1ed1 b\u00e1n \u00f4 t\u00f4 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t xa nh\u1eefng d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n l\u1ea1c quan nh\u1ea5t.\n M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i l\u1edbn nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng \u0111ang c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00ed h\u00f3a ng\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u1edbi c\u1ea3 m\u00e1y bay tr\u1ef1c th\u0103ng v\u00e0 m\u00e1y bay \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u1eafn hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.\n Tr\u00ean h\u1ebft, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i xe \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec1u sai. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tin r\u1eb1ng tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 kim lo\u1ea1i d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng thu h\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i pin c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. Nh\u01b0 Hannah Ritchie vi\u1ebft, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 kh\u00f3 x\u1ea3y ra. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a lithium.\n Ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean lithium \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u0103ng theo th\u1eddi gian. N\u0103m 2008, t\u1ed5ng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1t 13 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n; b\u00e2y gi\u1edd con s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 88 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n. R\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3 s\u1ebd t\u0103ng cao h\u01a1n. D\u1ef1 tr\u1eef c\u0169ng s\u1ebd t\u0103ng; n\u0103m 2008 con s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 4 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n v\u00e0 b\u00e2y gi\u1edd l\u00e0 22 tri\u1ec7u. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u00e1c m\u1ecf lithium m\u1edbi v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng khai th\u00e1c lithium.\n M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi tr\u00e0n ng\u1eadp lithium. Vi\u1ec7c M\u1ef9 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn lithium c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u00fd do khi\u1ebfn gi\u00e1 lithium s\u1ee5t gi\u1ea3m trong v\u00e0i th\u00e1ng qua.\n Hannah Ritchie c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 h\u01a1n cho th\u1ea5y m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c – \u0111\u1ed3ng, coban, than ch\u00ec, niken v\u00e0 neodymium – nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n tr\u00f4ng l\u1ea1c quan h\u01a1n.\n S\u1ef1 lo l\u1eafng v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea1m vi \u0111ang tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n quan tr\u1ecdng khi ph\u1ea1m vi \u0111ang t\u0103ng l\u00ean nhanh ch\u00f3ng. H\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i xe hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01a1n 200 d\u1eb7m m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n s\u1ea1c, v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u chi\u1ebfc \u0111ang \u0111i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01a1n 300 d\u1eb7m. H\u01a1n h\u1ebft, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1ea1m s\u1ea1c h\u01a1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00ean kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ea1n b\u1ecb m\u1eafc k\u1eb9t trong xe \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p.\n Xe \u0111i\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7n ch\u1ec9 th\u1ea3i ra 50% l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i carbon so v\u1edbi xe ch\u1ea1y x\u0103ng, con s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 t\u0103ng l\u00ean trong su\u1ed1t th\u1eddi gian s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 khi l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n chuy\u1ec3n sang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi. Ngo\u00e0i ra, kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng xe \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n. V\u1ec1 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i, xe \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang s\u1ebd ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 carbon.\n Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u0169ng lo l\u1eafng vi\u1ec7c khai th\u00e1c kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n cho xe \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1ebd b\u00f3c l\u1ed9t c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ngh\u00e8o. Nh\u01b0 Noah Smith \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta cho r\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 x\u1ea3y ra theo hai c\u00e1ch:\n 1. Th\u1ee3 m\u1ecf ngh\u00e8o s\u1ebd b\u1ecb b\u00f3c l\u1ed9t v\u00e0\n 2. C\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng g\u1ea7n m\u1ecf s\u1ebd b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng do n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p t\u1eeb m\u1ecf.\n M\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 \u1edf C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 Congo \u0111\u1ec3 khai th\u00e1c coban, ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong \u00f4 t\u00f4 \u0111i\u1ec7n. V\u00e0 c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p t\u1eeb c\u00e1c m\u1ecf lithium v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng.\n Nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 \u00edt nh\u1ea5t hai v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u1edbn v\u1edbi l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn n\u00e0y. Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, khai th\u00e1c v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n l\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh t\u1ebf ch\u00ednh m\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc ngh\u00e8o th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n; \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 h\u1ecd nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n l\u00e0 m\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ed1ng. Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u00e0u t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i mua kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ngh\u00e8o v\u00ec l\u00fd do nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1o th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 s\u1ebd ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m ngh\u00e8o c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, v\u1edbi \u0111\u00f2n gi\u00e1ng m\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o v\u00e0 b\u1ecb g\u1ea1t ra ngo\u00e0i l\u1ec1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. Vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u00e0u t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i mua nh\u1eefng m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i – m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00f2n gi\u00e1ng m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t.\n Th\u1ee9 hai, ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean so s\u00e1nh vi\u1ec7c khai th\u00e1c v\u00e0 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m trong khai th\u00e1c kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n b\u1eb1ng xe \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 suy tho\u00e1i t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, n\u01a1i m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n t\u1ef1 cung t\u1ef1 c\u1ea5p m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n lithium ho\u1eb7c coban. \u0110\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang ta n\u00ean so s\u00e1nh n\u00f3 v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kinh t\u1ebf hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u00fang t\u00f4i thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec3 khai th\u00e1c than, kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed1t t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 d\u1ea7u mang t\u00ednh b\u00f3c l\u1ed9t v\u00e0 g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i cho m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean khai th\u00e1c kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n b\u1eb1ng xe \u0111i\u1ec7n.\n Ngay c\u1ea3 khi xem x\u00e9t nhu c\u1ea7u kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng xanh s\u1ebd t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p b\u1ed1n l\u1ea7n, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng khai th\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch ch\u1ec9 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o xe \u0111i\u1ec7n. Ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng t\u1ef7 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y.\n Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e0n n\u00e0n v\u1ec1 t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c khai th\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 lithium l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, nh\u01b0ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n xem x\u00e9t nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3. Ngay c\u1ea3 khi kh\u00f4ng xem x\u00e9t \u0111\u1ebfn bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu, t\u1ed5ng t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c khai th\u00e1c h\u00e0ng t\u1ef7 t\u1ea5n d\u1ea7u m\u1ed7i n\u0103m l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 n\u00ean t\u00ednh c\u1ea3 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu. N\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng, to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i sang xe \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 c\u1ee9u h\u00e0nh tinh kh\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i s\u1ebd g\u00e2y ra nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i cho c\u1ea3 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u00e8o v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean h\u01a1n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c m\u1ecf lithium v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra.\n Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p thay th\u1ebf cho xe \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u1ea3o m\u1ed9ng ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i n\u01a1i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u1ed3ng nh\u1eefng khu v\u01b0\u1eddn nh\u1ecf b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 h\u00e1t nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i h\u00e1t c\u1ea3 ng\u00e0y; \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng \u0111\u00e0o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1t h\u00e0ng t\u1ef7 t\u1ea5n d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf m\u1ed7i n\u0103m.\n Ch\u00fang ta n\u00ean c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia khai th\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean. Nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng lo l\u1eafng v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh vi l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00f3 th\u00f4i th\u00fac ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea1m nh\u1eefng t\u1ed9i \u00e1c l\u1edbn h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.\n Ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p\n Kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i t\u1eeb c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p t\u1eeb l\u00e2u d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 h\u00f2a tan v\u00ec vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra xi m\u0103ng v\u00e0 th\u00e9p, hai trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ef1c cao m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra b\u1eb1ng hydrocarbon. Tuy nhi\u00ean, s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u0169ng \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y d\u01b0\u1edbi hai h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty nh\u01b0 Heliogen \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi t\u1eadp trung \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u1ee7 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty kh\u00e1c \u0111ang t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c thu gi\u1eef carbon t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.\n M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n ch\u1ec9 ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty nh\u01b0 Source s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea5m hydropanels \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m trong kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n, ngay c\u1ea3 trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng sa m\u1ea1c kh\u00f4 h\u1ea1n, th\u00e0nh n\u01b0\u1edbc u\u1ed1ng gi\u00fap c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1i t\u1ecb n\u1ea1n v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00f9ng s\u00e2u v\u00f9ng xa c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01b0\u1edbc u\u1ed1ng.\n S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m:\n S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c l\u00e0 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1eadm nh\u1ea5t. C\u00e1c phong tr\u00e0o \u0103n chay v\u00e0 \u0103n chay quy m\u00f4 nh\u1ecf \u1edf ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y \u0111ang b\u1ecb thu h\u1eb9p l\u1ea1i do quy m\u00f4 ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 th\u1ecbt ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1edbi n\u1ed5i khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng gi\u00e0u c\u00f3 h\u01a1n. V\u00ec c\u1eebu v\u00e0 b\u00f2 th\u1ea3i ra kh\u00ed m\u00ea-tan, m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i kh\u00ed nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 m\u1ea1nh n\u00ean v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 h\u01a1n.\n T\u00f4i h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a phong tr\u00e0o \u0103n chay. C\u00e1ch ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt l\u00e0 v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m. Ch\u00fang ta cho nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt s\u1ed1ng trong kh\u00f4ng gian ch\u1eadt ch\u1ed9i kh\u1ee7ng khi\u1ebfp \u0103n qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u. T\u00f4i tin r\u1eb1ng h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m n\u0103m sau m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd nh\u00ecn c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt ng\u00e0y nay v\u1edbi v\u1ebb kinh ho\u00e0ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta nh\u00ecn t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 dung t\u00fang ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f4 l\u1ec7.\n Tuy nhi\u00ean, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 hi\u1ec7n nay d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Homo sapiens \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh lo\u00e0i \u0103n t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 r\u1ea5t th\u00edch protein \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 nu\u00f4i s\u1ed1ng 8 t\u1ef7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n nay tr\u00ean h\u00e0nh tinh. Nh\u1eefng th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 thi tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi s\u1ebd tr\u1edf n\u00ean r\u1ebb h\u01a1n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd k\u1ef9 c\u00e0ng cho th\u1ea5y ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t cho s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. C\u00e1c protein thay th\u1ebf nh\u01b0 th\u1ecbt c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng c\u00f3 v\u1ebb kh\u1ea3 thi trong th\u1ee9c \u0103n ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee3p kh\u1ea9u v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi.\n T\u00f4i nghi ng\u1edd r\u1eb1ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p l\u00e2u d\u00e0i s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb th\u1ecbt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nu\u00f4i trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty nh\u01b0 Upside Foods . Th\u1ecbt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nu\u00f4i trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ea7n 1\/100 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra protein \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt n\u00e0o b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u1ecbt. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111ang \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 \u0111ang l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng m\u00f3n th\u1ecbt vi\u00ean ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ea5p \u0111\u1eaft ti\u1ec1n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u1edbi quy m\u00f4 v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n trong khi chi ph\u00ed gi\u1ea3m. T\u00f4i hy v\u1ecdng r\u1eb1ng trong 20 n\u0103m n\u1eefa ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i th\u1ecbt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nu\u00f4i trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb h\u01a1n th\u1ecbt l\u00e0m t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt.\n Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, v\u00ec con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn khi \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 v\u00ec l\u1ee3i \u00edch kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, n\u00ean qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra khi th\u1ecbt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nu\u00f4i trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m v\u1eeba ngon v\u1eeba r\u1ebb h\u01a1n. L\u00fac n\u00e0y m\u1ee9c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 s\u1ebd nhanh ch\u00f3ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i.\n Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty nh\u01b0 Symbrosia s\u1ebd gi\u00fap ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i. H\u1ecd cung c\u1ea5p ch\u1ea5t b\u1ed5 sung l\u00e0m t\u1eeb rong bi\u1ec3n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i, gi\u1ea3m t\u1edbi 80% l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i m\u00eatan.\n Kh\u1eed cacbonat\n \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3. Ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i v\u1eabn \u0111ang gia t\u0103ng \u1edf c\u00e1c th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edbi n\u1ed5i. Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 nhi\u1ec7t t\u00edch l\u0169y trong c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea7u kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ebd t\u0103ng l\u00ean v\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 th\u00edch nghi.\n Ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u0169ng \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn n\u00e0y. T\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng GDP khi t\u00e1ch kh\u1ecfi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c.\n Do \u0111\u00f3, Bloomberg New Energy Finance hi\u1ec7n cho r\u1eb1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 nhanh ch\u00f3ng k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2y tr\u1edf \u0111i.\n \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee7 nhanh \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi kh\u1ecfi b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng. Nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0 li\u1ec1u thu\u1ed1c gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed9c cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 s\u1ef1 di\u1ec7t vong v\u00e0 u \u00e1m r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1 \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra xung quanh. Tr\u00ean h\u1ebft, ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh kh\u1eed cacbon \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty nh\u01b0 Carbon Engineering v\u00e0 CarbonCapture d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u.\n S\u1ef1 phong ph\u00fa\n C\u00e1i hay c\u1ee7a n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ch\u00fang c\u00f3 chi ph\u00ed c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00e1 cao nh\u01b0ng chi ph\u00ed bi\u00ean c\u1ee7a n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 0 USD. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ra m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u01a1i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean qu\u00e1 r\u1ebb \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Trong m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, nhi\u1ec1u r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t.\n V\u00ed d\u1ee5, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n lo l\u1eafng v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng thi\u1ebfu n\u01b0\u1edbc. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ebft n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 l\u1ed1 b\u1ecbch. Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f3 70% l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt hi\u1ebfm h\u01a1n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, trong m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u00f3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00f4 t\u1eadn, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i trong n\u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1i v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt v\u00f4 t\u1eadn. T\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u1edf Turks & Caicos, t\u00f4i \u0111ang c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t AqSep . Th\u1eddi gian ho\u00e0n v\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 1 n\u0103m! Khi k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng n\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i v\u1edbi b\u1ed9 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef pin, ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 s\u1ebd ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 trung t\u00ednh carbon.\n T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi lo l\u1eafng v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng thi\u1ebfu l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 nh\u1eefng lo ng\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Malthus lu\u00f4n sai. B\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3, v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt v\u00f4 t\u1eadn t\u1eeb qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng tr\u1ed3ng tr\u1ecdt trong c\u00e1c trang tr\u1ea1i th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng tr\u1ecdt tr\u00ean sa m\u1ea1c!\n Ph\u1ea7n k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn\n Nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t th\u1eadt kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 21 . Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111ang x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ng\u00e0y mai t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p h\u01a1n, m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng.\n ","Category":["Suy ngh\u0129 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n","C\u00e1c b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft","L\u1ea1c quan & H\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/grinda.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44624","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/grinda.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/grinda.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/grinda.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/grinda.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=44624"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/grinda.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44624\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":44680,"href":"https:\/\/grinda.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44624\/revisions\/44680"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/grinda.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/44717"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/grinda.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=44624"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/grinda.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=44624"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/grinda.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=44624"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}